--- title: "关于事务超时 | OceanBase 文档中心" description: 关于事务超时 OceanBase 为了避免事务长时间不提交持有锁影响其他会话，设计了两个超时逻辑。一个是事务空闲超时，一个是事务未提交超时。 背景信息 OceanBase 设计的事务空闲超时和事务未提交超时，分别由变量 ob_trx_idle_timeout 和 ob_trx_timeout 控制，默认值分别是 12… --- 切换语言 - 中文站 - 简体中文 - International - English - 日本站 - 日本語 文档反馈![](https://mdn.alipayobjects.com/huamei_22khvb/afts/img/A*P8CuR4UJ_FkAAAAAAAAAAAAADiGDAQ/original) OceanBase 数据库分布式版 - V 3.2.4 企业版 LTS # 关于事务超时 更新时间：2026-06-26 13:50:34 OceanBase 为了避免事务长时间不提交持有锁影响其他会话，设计了两个超时逻辑。一个是事务空闲超时，一个是事务未提交超时。 ## 背景信息 OceanBase 设计的事务空闲超时和事务未提交超时，分别由变量 [ob_trx_idle_timeout](https://www.oceanbase.com/docs/enterprise-oceanbase-database-cn-10000000000944663) 和 [ob_trx_timeout](https://www.oceanbase.com/docs/enterprise-oceanbase-database-cn-10000000000944665) 控制，默认值分别是 120 秒和 100 秒。通常只会有一个超时机制会先被触发。 可以通过以下命令查看当前参数配置： ```shell obclient> SHOW variables WHERE variable_name IN ('ob_trx_idle_timeout','ob_trx_timeout'); +---------------------+-----------+ | VARIABLE_NAME | VALUE | +---------------------+-----------+ | ob_trx_idle_timeout | 120000000 | | ob_trx_timeout | 100000000 | +---------------------+-----------+ 2 rows in set ``` ## 事务空闲超时 OceanBase 的事务空闲时间表示超过一定时间没有执行语句或者没有执行提交，需要通过 `ROLLBACK` 回滚事务后，才能继续操作。 会话事务空闲超时时间阈值由变量 `ob_trx_idle_timeout` 控制。 **示例 1：** 先设置事务空闲超时时间为 120 秒，事务未提交超时时间为 1000 秒。当事务空闲时间超过 120 秒后，会话锁定，需要先通过 `ROLLBACK` 回滚事务，才能继续操作。 ```shell obclient> DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t_insert; Query OK, 0 rows affected obclient> CREATE TABLE t_insert( id bigint NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY auto_increment , name varchar(10) NOT NULL , value bigint ,gmt_create timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT current_timestamp ); Query OK, 0 rows affected obclient> INSERT INTO t_insert(name, value) VALUES('CN',NULL),('UK',NULL),('US',NULL); Query OK, 3 rows affected Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 obclient> SELECT now(), t.* FROM t_insert t; +---------------------+----+------+-------+---------------------+ | now() | id | name | value | gmt_create | +---------------------+----+------+-------+---------------------+ | 1970-01-01 16:54:51 | 1 | CN | NULL | 1970-01-01 16:54:49 | | 1970-01-01 16:54:51 | 2 | UK | NULL | 1970-01-01 16:54:49 | | 1970-01-01 16:54:51 | 3 | US | NULL | 1970-01-01 16:54:49 | +---------------------+----+------+-------+---------------------+ 3 rows in set obclient> SET session ob_trx_timeout=1000000000; Query OK, 0 rows affected obclient> SET session ob_trx_idle_timeout=120000000; Query OK, 0 rows affected obclient> BEGIN; Query OK, 0 rows affected obclient> UPDATE t_insert SET gmt_create=now() WHERE id=3; Query OK, 1 row affected Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 obclient> SELECT now(), t.* FROM t_insert t; +---------------------+----+------+-------+---------------------+ | now() | id | name | value | gmt_create | +---------------------+----+------+-------+---------------------+ | 1970-01-01 16:55:30 | 1 | CN | NULL | 1970-01-01 16:54:49 | | 1970-01-01 16:55:30 | 2 | UK | NULL | 1970-01-01 16:54:49 | | 1970-01-01 16:55:30 | 3 | US | NULL | 1970-01-01 16:55:25 | +---------------------+----+------+-------+---------------------+ 3 rows in set <<等 120 秒不操作>> obclient> SELECT now(), t.* FROM t_insert t; ERROR 6002 (25000): transaction needs rollback obclient> RALLBACK; Query OK, 0 rows affected obclient> SELECT now(), * FROM t_insert t; +---------------------+----+------+-------+---------------------+ | now() | id | name | value | gmt_create | +---------------------+----+------+-------+---------------------+ | 1970-01-01 16:57:43 | 1 | CN | NULL | 1970-01-01 16:54:49 | | 1970-01-01 16:57:43 | 2 | UK | NULL | 1970-01-01 16:54:49 | | 1970-01-01 16:57:43 | 3 | US | NULL | 1970-01-01 16:54:49 | +---------------------+----+------+-------+---------------------+ 3 rows in set ``` ## 事务未提交超时 OceanBase 的事务持续时间超过一段时间还没有提交，会报超时错误。此时会话需要明确发出 `ROLLBACK` 命令才可以继续在会话里执行 SQL。 会话事务的未提交超时时间阈值是由变量 `ob_trx_timeout` 控制。 #### 说明 建议不要将事务未提交超时参数设置小于 1 秒。 **示例 2：** 先设置事务空闲超时时间为 120 秒，事务超时时间为 100 秒。当一个事务未提交时间持续到 100 秒时，事务内部状态就变为超时状态，同时锁会释放。此后会话需要显式发出 `ROLLBACK` 语句才能继续进行操作。 ```shell obclient> SET session ob_trx_timeout=100000000; Query OK, 0 rows affected obclient> UPDATE t_insert SEF gmt_create=sysdate() WHERE id=3; Query OK, 1 row affected Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 obclient> SELECT now(), t.* FROM t_insert t ; +---------------------+----+------+-------+---------------------+ | now() | id | name | value | gmt_create | +---------------------+----+------+-------+---------------------+ | 1970-01-01 16:59:56 | 1 | CN | NULL | 1970-01-01 16:54:49 | | 1970-01-01 16:59:56 | 2 | UK | NULL | 1970-01-01 16:54:49 | | 1970-01-01 16:59:56 | 3 | US | NULL | 1970-01-01 16:59:51 | +---------------------+----+------+-------+---------------------+ 3 rows in set <<等 100 秒不操作>> obclient> SELECT now(), t.* FROM t_insert t ; ERROR 4012 (25000): Transaction is timeout obclient> COMMIT; ERROR 4012 (25000): Transaction is timeout obclient> ROLLBACK; Query OK, 0 rows affected obclient> SELECT now(), t.* FROM t_insert t ; +---------------------+----+------+-------+---------------------+ | now() | id | name | value | gmt_create | +---------------------+----+------+-------+---------------------+ | 1970-01-01 17:04:13 | 1 | CN | NULL | 1970-01-01 16:54:49 | | 1970-01-01 17:04:13 | 2 | UK | NULL | 1970-01-01 16:54:49 | | 1970-01-01 17:04:13 | 3 | US | NULL | 1970-01-01 16:54:49 | +---------------------+----+------+-------+---------------------+ 3 rows in set ``` ## 相关文档 - [ob_trx_idle_timeout](https://www.oceanbase.com/docs/enterprise-oceanbase-database-cn-10000000000944663) - [ob_trx_timeout](https://www.oceanbase.com/docs/enterprise-oceanbase-database-cn-10000000000944665) 上一篇 下一篇 ![有帮助](https://gw.alipayobjects.com/mdn/ob_asset/afts/img/A*y6ocSqN8cqsAAAAAAAAAAAAAARQnAQ)![无帮助](https://gw.alipayobjects.com/mdn/ob_asset/afts/img/A*BG9IQJyLHF8AAAAAAAAAAAAAARQnAQ)![反馈](https://gw.alipayobjects.com/mdn/ob_asset/afts/img/A*eTWdQKCRKHwAAAAAAAAAAAAAARQnAQ)[AI](https://www.oceanbase.com/obi) 咨询热线