---
title: 手工通过黑屏 obclient 命令行调试 PL 代码-OceanBase数据库使用指南
description: 了解OceanBase数据库在实际应用中关于手工通过黑屏 obclient 命令行调试 PL 代码相关的常见问题和使用技巧，帮助您快速解决手工通过黑屏 obclient 命令行调试 PL 代码的难题。
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# 手工通过黑屏 obclient 命令行调试 PL 代码

更新时间：2026-05-29 08:46

适用版本： V2.1.x、V2.2.x、V3.1.x、V3.2.x、V4.0.x、V4.1.x、V4.2.x 内容类型：Troubleshoot  

PL/SQL 作为一门程序语言，在编写的过程中免不了有调试的需求。一般情况下可以通过 ODC 的 PL 调试功能来进行 PL/SQL 的调试，但是如果遇到 ODC 不可用的情况或者为了排除 ODC 本身的干扰因素，可能需要通过黑屏命令来直接进行 PL/SQL 的调试。

本文主要介绍如何通过黑屏 obclient 命令来调试 PL 代码。

## 适用版本

OceanBase 数据库 V2.x、V3.x、V4.x 版本

## 操作步骤

1. 先以将要执行业务 PL 代码的用户创建一个 debug_utils 包用于在 obclient 中方便地使用 dbms_debug 包中的接口。

   ```shell
   create or replace package debug_utils is
   runtime dbms_debug.runtime_info;
   function to_error(code binary_integer) return varchar2;
   function to_reason(code binary_integer) return varchar2;
   function to_namespace(code binary_integer) return varchar2;
   procedure print_program(program dbms_debug.program_info);
   procedure print_runtime(runtime dbms_debug.runtime_info);

   procedure initialize;
   procedure synchronize;
   procedure brean_any_return;
   procedure set_breakpoint(line# binary_integer);
   procedure disable_breakpoint(num binary_integer);
   procedure show_breakpoints;
   procedure print_backtrace;
   procedure delete_breakpoint(num binary_integer);
   procedure step_over;
   procedure step_into;
   procedure step_any_return;
   procedure step_abort;
   procedure get_value(variable_name varchar2, frame# binary_integer);
   procedure get_runtime_info;
   procedure get_values;

   procedure get_line_map;

   procedure get_timeout;
   procedure get_timeout_behaviour;
   procedure set_timeout(timeout binary_integer);
   end;
   /

   create or replace package body debug_utils is
   function to_error(code binary_integer) return varchar2 is
   begin
       case code
       when dbms_debug.success then return 'success';
       when dbms_debug.error_bogus_frame then return 'error_bogus_frame';
       when dbms_debug.error_no_debug_info then return 'error_no_debug_info';
       when dbms_debug.error_no_such_object then return 'error_no_such_object';
       when dbms_debug.error_unknown_type then return 'error_unknown_type';
       when dbms_debug.error_indexed_table then return 'error_indexed_table';
       when dbms_debug.error_illegal_index then return 'error_illegal_index';
       when dbms_debug.error_nullcollection then return 'error_nullcollection';
       when dbms_debug.error_nullvalue then return 'error_nullvalue';
       when dbms_debug.error_illegal_value then return 'error_illegal_value';
       when dbms_debug.error_illegal_null then return 'error_illegal_null';
       when dbms_debug.error_value_malformed then return 'error_value_malformed';
       when dbms_debug.error_other then return 'error_other';
       when dbms_debug.error_name_incomplete then return 'error_name_incomplete';
       when dbms_debug.error_illegal_line then return 'error_illegal_line';
       when dbms_debug.error_no_such_breakpt then return 'error_no_such_breakpt';
       when dbms_debug.error_idle_breakpt then return 'error_idle_breakpt';
       when dbms_debug.error_stale_breakpt then return 'error_stale_breakpt';
       when dbms_debug.error_bad_handle then return 'error_bad_handle';
       when dbms_debug.error_unimplemented then return 'error_unimplemented';
       when dbms_debug.error_deferred then return 'error_deferred';
       when dbms_debug.error_exception then return 'error_exception';
       when dbms_debug.error_communication then return 'error_communication';
       when dbms_debug.error_timeout then return 'error_timeout';
       when dbms_debug.error_pbrun_mismatch then return 'error_pbrun_mismatch';
       when dbms_debug.error_no_rph then return 'error_no_rph';
       when dbms_debug.error_probe_invalid then return 'error_probe_invalid';
       when dbms_debug.error_upierr then return 'error_upierr';
       when dbms_debug.error_noasync then return 'error_noasync';
       when dbms_debug.error_nologon then return 'error_nologon';
       when dbms_debug.error_reinit then return 'error_reinit';
       when dbms_debug.error_unrecognized then return 'error_unrecognized';
       when dbms_debug.error_synch then return 'error_synch';
       when dbms_debug.error_incompatible then return 'error_incompatible';
       else return 'error_unknown';
       end case;
       return 'error_unknown';
   end;
   function to_reason(code binary_integer) return varchar2 is
   begin
       case code
       when dbms_debug.reason_none then return 'reason_none';
       when dbms_debug.reason_interpreter_starting then return 'reason_interpreter_starting';
       when dbms_debug.reason_breakpoint then return 'reason_breakpoint';
       when dbms_debug.reason_enter then return 'reason_enter';
       when dbms_debug.reason_return then return 'reason_return';
       when dbms_debug.reason_finish then return 'reason_finish';
       when dbms_debug.reason_line then return 'reason_line';
       when dbms_debug.reason_interrupt then return 'reason_interrupt';
       when dbms_debug.reason_exception then return 'reason_exception';
       when dbms_debug.reason_exit then return 'reason_exit';
       when dbms_debug.reason_handler then return 'reason_handler';
       when dbms_debug.reason_timeout then return 'reason_timeout';
       when dbms_debug.reason_instantiate then return 'reason_instantiate';
       when dbms_debug.reason_abort then return 'reason_abort';
       when dbms_debug.reason_knl_exit then return 'reason_knl_exit';
       else return 'reason_unknown';
       end case;
       return 'reason_unknown';
   end;
   function to_namespace(code binary_integer) return varchar2 is
   begin
       case code
       when dbms_debug.namespace_cursor then return 'namespace_cursor';
       when dbms_debug.namespace_pkgspec_or_toplevel then return 'namespace_pkgspec_or_toplevel';
       when dbms_debug.namespace_pkg_body then return 'namespace_pkg_body';
       when dbms_debug.namespace_trigger then return 'namespace_trigger';
       when dbms_debug.namespace_none then return 'namespace_none';
       else return 'namespace_unknown';
       end case;
       return 'namespace_unknown';
   end;
   procedure print_program(program dbms_debug.program_info) is
   begin
       dbms_output.put_line('program_info:');
       dbms_output.put_line('  namespace = ' || program.namespace || ' ' || to_namespace(program.namespace));
       dbms_output.put_line('  name = ' || program.name);
       dbms_output.put_line('  owner = ' || program.owner);
   end;
   procedure print_runtime(runtime dbms_debug.runtime_info) is
   begin
       dbms_output.put_line('runtime_info:');
       dbms_output.put_line('  line# = ' || runtime.line#);
       dbms_output.put_line('  Terminated = ' || runtime.Terminated);
       dbms_output.put_line('  Breakpoint = ' || runtime.Breakpoint);
       dbms_output.put_line('  StackDepth = ' || runtime.StackDepth);
       dbms_output.put_line('  Reason = ' || runtime.Reason || ' ' || to_reason(runtime.Reason));
       print_program(runtime.program);
   end;
   procedure initialize is
       result varchar2(200);
   begin
       result := dbms_debug.initialize();
       dbms_output.put_line(result);
   end;
   procedure synchronize is
       result binary_integer;
   begin
       result := dbms_debug.synchronize(runtime);
       print_runtime(runtime);
       dbms_output.put_line('result = ' || result || ' ' || to_error(result));
   end;
   procedure brean_any_return is
       result binary_integer;
   begin
       result := dbms_debug.continue(runtime, dbms_debug.break_any_return);
       dbms_output.put_line('result = ' || result || ' ' || to_error(result));
   end;
   procedure set_breakpoint(line# binary_integer) is
       result binary_integer;
       bp_num binary_integer;
   begin
       result := dbms_debug.set_breakpoint(runtime.program, line#, bp_num);
       dbms_output.put_line('result = ' || result || ' ' || to_error(result));
       dbms_output.put_line('bp_num = ' || bp_num);
   end;
   procedure disable_breakpoint(num binary_integer) is
       result binary_integer;
   begin
       result := dbms_debug.disable_breakpoint(num);
       dbms_output.put_line('result = ' || result || ' ' || to_error(result));
   end;
   procedure show_breakpoints is
       listing varchar2(4000);
   begin
       dbms_debug.show_breakpoints(listing);
       dbms_output.put_line('breakpoints = ' || listing);
   end;
   procedure print_backtrace is
       listing varchar2(4000);
   begin
       dbms_debug.print_backtrace(listing);
       dbms_output.put_line('backtrace = ' || listing);
   end;
   procedure delete_breakpoint(num binary_integer) is
       result binary_integer;
   begin
       result := dbms_debug.delete_breakpoint(num);
       dbms_output.put_line('result = ' || result || ' ' || to_error(result));
   end;
   procedure step_over is
       result binary_integer;
   begin
       result := dbms_debug.continue(runtime, dbms_debug.break_next_line);
       dbms_output.put_line('result = ' || result || ' ' || to_error(result));
       print_runtime(runtime);
   end;
   procedure step_into is
       result binary_integer;
   begin
       result := dbms_debug.continue(runtime, dbms_debug.break_any_call);
       dbms_output.put_line('result = ' || result || ' ' || to_error(result));
       print_runtime(runtime);
   end;
   procedure step_any_return is
       result binary_integer;
   begin
       result := dbms_debug.continue(runtime, dbms_debug.break_any_return);
       dbms_output.put_line('result = ' || result || ' ' || to_error(result));
       print_runtime(runtime);
   end;
   procedure step_abort is
       result binary_integer;
   begin
       result := dbms_debug.continue(runtime, dbms_debug.abort_execution);
       dbms_output.put_line('result = ' || result || to_error(result));
       print_runtime(runtime);
   end;
   procedure get_value(variable_name varchar2, frame# binary_integer) is
       scalar_value varchar2(2000);
       result binary_integer;
   begin
       result := dbms_debug.get_value(variable_name, frame#, scalar_value);
       dbms_output.put_line('result = ' || result);
       dbms_output.put_line('scalar_value = ' || scalar_value);
   end;
   procedure get_runtime_info is
       result binary_integer;
   begin
       result := dbms_debug.get_runtime_info(null, runtime);
       print_runtime(runtime);
       dbms_output.put_line('result = ' || result || ' ' || to_error(result));
   end;
   procedure get_values is
       result binary_integer;
       scalar_values varchar2(4000);
   begin
       -- result := dbms_debug.get_values(scalar_values);
       dbms_output.put_line('result = ' || result || ' ' || to_error(result));
       dbms_output.put_line('scalar_values = ' || scalar_values);
   end;

   procedure get_line_map is
       result binary_integer;
       maxline binary_integer;
       number_of_entry_points binary_integer;
       linemap raw(2000);
   begin
       result := dbms_debug.get_line_map(runtime.program, maxline, number_of_entry_points, linemap);
       dbms_output.put_line('result = ' || result || ' ' || to_error(result));
       dbms_output.put_line('maxline = ' || maxline);
       dbms_output.put_line('number_of_entry_points = ' || number_of_entry_points);
       dbms_output.put_line('linemap = ' || utl_raw.cast_to_varchar2(linemap));
   end;

   procedure get_timeout is
   begin
       dbms_output.put_line(dbms_debug.default_timeout);
   end;

   procedure get_timeout_behaviour is
       result binary_integer;
   begin
       result := dbms_debug.get_timeout_behaviour();
       case result
       when dbms_debug.retry_on_timeout then dbms_output.put_line('retry_on_timeout');
       when dbms_debug.continue_on_timeout then dbms_output.put_line('continue_on_timeout');
       when dbms_debug.nodebug_on_timeout then dbms_output.put_line('nodebug_on_timeout');
       when dbms_debug.abort_on_timeout then dbms_output.put_line('abort_on_timeout');
       else dbms_output.put_line('unknown timeout behaviour !' || result);
       end case;
   end;

   procedure set_timeout(timeout binary_integer) is
       result binary_integer;
   begin
       result := dbms_debug.set_timeout(timeout);
       dbms_output.put_line('new timeout is ' || result);
   end;
   end;
   /

   ```
 2. 通过 2881 端口直连 observer，开启一个业务会话。

   ```shell
   [root@kylin10-vm123 ~]# obclient -h172.20.1.27 -P2881 -usys@oraclet -pxxx -A -c
   Welcome to the OceanBase.  Commands end with ; or \g.
   Your OceanBase connection id is 3221907787
   Server version: OceanBase 4.2.1.3 (r103010012024010418-4f1b991ab90d2d3fdfc412c6c5860d1a1d5bbf47) (Built Jan  4 2024 19:13:57)

   Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, OceanBase and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

   Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

   obclient [SYS]> DECLARE
   BEGIN
   ORZ_TEST.test1('123','345');
   END;
   /
   Query OK, 1 row affected (0.009 sec)

   obclient [SYS]> set serveroutput on;
   obclient [SYS]> call debug_utils.initialize();
   Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.002 sec)

   4
   obclient [SYS]> call dbms_debug.debug_on();
   Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.002 sec)

   obclient [SYS]> DECLARE
   BEGIN
   ORZ_TEST.test1('123','345');
   END;
   /
   <== 说明：这边最后一行敲完回车后就会一直hang在这儿，这属于正常现象，表示PL程序开始进入了调试模式了，接下来将这个会话放在一旁，直接开始执行下面的Step 3）即可！
   Query OK, 1 row affected (5 min 3.199 sec)

   obclient [SYS]>

   ```
 3. 使用步骤二中同样的命令直连 observer，开启一个 Debugger 会话。

   ```shell
   [root@kylin10-vm123 ~]# obclient -h172.20.1.27 -P2881 -usys@oraclet -pxxx -A -c
   Welcome to the OceanBase.  Commands end with ; or \g.
   Your OceanBase connection id is 3221920978
   Server version: OceanBase 4.2.1.3 (r103010012024010418-4f1b991ab90d2d3fdfc412c6c5860d1a1d5bbf47) (Built Jan  4 2024 19:13:57)

   obclient [SYS]> set serveroutput on;
   obclient [SYS]> call dbms_debug.attach_session(4);   -- 这边的参数4对应于Step 2）中call debug_utils.initialize()返回的值：4
   Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.002 sec)

   obclient [SYS]> call debug_utils.get_runtime_info();
   Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.011 sec)

   runtime_info:
   line# =
   Terminated = 1
   Breakpoint =
   StackDepth = 0
   Reason = 0 reason_none
   program_info:
   namespace = 255 namespace_none
   name =
   owner =
   result = 0 success
   obclient [SYS]>
   obclient [SYS]> call debug_utils.get_runtime_info();
   Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.003 sec)

   runtime_info:
   line# = 3
   Terminated = 0
   Breakpoint =
   StackDepth = 1
   Reason = 2 reason_interpreter_starting
   program_info:
   namespace = 1 namespace_pkgspec_or_toplevel
   name = __anonymous_block__
   owner = SYS
   result = 0 success
   obclient [SYS]>
   obclient [SYS]> call debug_utils.step_over();   -- 这个step_over对应ODC上调试窗口的单步执行，即每次向前执行一步
   Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.015 sec)

   result = 0 success
   runtime_info:
   line# = 1
   Terminated = 0
   Breakpoint =
   StackDepth = 1
   Reason = 9 reason_line
   program_info:
   namespace = 1 namespace_pkgspec_or_toplevel
   name = __anonymous_block__
   owner = SYS
   obclient [SYS]> call debug_utils.step_over();   -- 这个step_over对应ODC上调试窗口的单步执行，即每次向前执行一步
   Query OK, 0 rows affected (3 min 48.111 sec)

   result = 0 success
   runtime_info:
   line# =
   Terminated = 1
   Breakpoint =
   StackDepth = 0
   Reason = 15 reason_exit
   program_info:
   namespace = 255 namespace_none
   name =
   owner =
   obclient [SYS]>

   ```

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